The review focuses on the progress, prospects and challenges of sodium-sulfur batteries operating at high temperature (~ 300 °C). This paper also includes the recent development and progress of room temperature sodium-sulfur batteries. 1. Introduction
The as-developed sodium–sulfur batteries deliver high capacity and long cycling stability. To date, batteries based on alkali metal-ion intercalating cathode and anode materials, such as lithium-ion batteries, have been widely used in modern society from portable electronics to electric vehicles 1.
Sulfur in high temperature Na-S batteries usually exhibits one discharge plateau with an incomplete reduction product of Na 2 S n (n ≥ 3), which reduces the specific capacity of sulfur (≤ 558 mAh g −1) and the specific energy of battery.
This paper presents a review of the state of technology of sodium-sulfur batteries suitable for application in energy storage requirements such as load leveling; emergency power supplies and uninterruptible power supply. The review focuses on the progress, prospects and challenges of sodium-sulfur batteries operating at high temperature (~ 300 °C).
Nagata, H.; Chikusa, Y. An all-solid-state sodium-sulfur battery operating at room temperature using a high-sulfur-content positive composite electrode. Chem. Lett. 2014, 43, 1333–1334. Tanibata, N.; Deguchi, M.; Hayashi, A.; Tatsumisago, M. All-solidstate Na/S batteries with a Na 3 PS 4 electrolyte operating at room temperature. Chem.
Nature Communications 9, Article number: 3870 (2018) Cite this article High-temperature sodium–sulfur batteries operating at 300–350 °C have been commercially applied for large-scale energy storage and conversion. However, the safety concerns greatly inhibit their widespread adoption.
Room-temperature sodium-sulfur (RT-Na/S) batteries are promising alternatives for next-generation energy storage systems with high energy density and high power density. …
All-solid-state sodium-sulfur (Na-S) batteries are promising for stationary energy storage devices because of their low operating temperatures (less than 100 °C), improved …
Relative to lithium, sodium is 283 times more abundant in the Earth''s crust, at only 3% the cost. 1 Coupled with sulfur''s high theoretical specific capacity of 1673 mAh g −1, room-temperature sodium–sulfur batteries …
4 · Sodium-ion batteries have abundant sources of raw materials, uniform geographical distribution, and low cost, and it is considered an important substitute for lithium-ion batteries. …
A number of studies on the IT NaS energy storage system using non-aqueous or polymer electrolytes have been reported, highlighting the increasing interest on this battery system …
Solid-state batteries are commonly acknowledged as the forthcoming evolution in energy storage technologies. Recent development progress for these rechargeable …
The initial discharge capacity of the solid-state sodium-sulfur battery using the PVDF gel polymer electrolyte at room temperature is 489 mAh g −1, two plateau potential regions of 2.28 V and 1.28 V appear, and the …
Room-temperature sodium-sulfur (RT Na-S) batteries are considered as a promising next-generation energy storage system due to their remarkable energy density and …
Rechargeable room-temperature sodium–sulfur (Na–S) and sodium–selenium (Na–Se) batteries are gaining extensive attention for potential large-scale energy storage …
However, apart from common problems such as poor conductivity of S and solid-state discharge products, the robust operation of RT-Na-S batteries faces more …
Room-temperature sodium-sulfur (RT Na-S) batteries are considered as a promising next-generation energy storage system due to their remarkable energy density and …
Here we report a room-temperature sodium–sulfur battery that uses a microporous carbon–sulfur composite cathode, and a liquid carbonate electrolyte containing …
However, apart from common problems such as poor conductivity of S and solid-state discharge products, the robust operation of RT-Na-S batteries faces more …
All-solid-state sodium-sulfur (Na-S) batteries are promising for stationary energy storage devices because of their low operating temperatures (less than 100 °C), improved …
Room-temperature sodium-sulfur (RT-Na/S) batteries are promising alternatives for next-generation energy storage systems with high energy density and high power density. However, some notorious issues are hampering the practical …
Sodium-sulfur (Na-S) and sodium-ion batteries are the most studied sodium batteries by the researchers worldwide. This review focuses on the progress, prospects and …
Sodium–sulfur batteries operating at a high temperature between 300 and 350°C have been used commercially, but the safety issue hinders their wider adoption.
Rechargeable room-temperature sodium–sulfur (Na–S) and sodium–selenium (Na–Se) batteries are gaining extensive attention for potential large-scale energy storage …
Efficient charge transfer in sulfur electrodes is a crucial challenge for sodium-sulfur batteries. Here, the authors developed a machine-learning-assisted approach to quickly …
Room-temperature sodium–sulfur (RT Na–S) batteries have become the most potential large-scale energy storage systems due to the high theoretical energy density and low cost. However, the severe shuttle effect …
An all-solid-state sodium-sulfur battery operating at room temperature using a high-sulfur-content positive composite electrode. Chem. Lett. 2014, 43, 1333–1334.
Room-temperature sodium–sulfur (RT Na–S) batteries have become the most potential large-scale energy storage systems due to the high theoretical energy density and …
Sodium–sulfur batteries operating at a high temperature between 300 and 350°C have been used commercially, but the safety issue hinders their wider adoption.