Battery interface device

What is a lithium ion battery?

Lithium-ion battery (LIB) is the most popular electrochemical device ever invented in the history of mankind. It is also the first-ever battery that operates on dual-intercalation chemistries, and the very first battery that relies on interphases on both electrodes to ensure reversibility of the cell chemistries.

What is an ideal electrode interface?

In classical electrochemistry, an ideal interface should have zero thickness, which implies that there is no decomposition reaction that leads to permanent deposition of the electrode surface, hence the electrode surface remains completely clean .

What is the role of CEI in battery chemistry?

The role of CEI becomes increasingly critical when more aggressive cathode materials (high voltage > 4.5 V, or high nickel content) are being adopted by LIB industry. Nowadays, almost all new battery chemistries under development are designed to rely on interphases to work. 1.3. Understanding interphases

Why is the interphase concept extended to the other side of a battery?

The interphase concept was also extended to the other side of the battery, i.e., the cathode, because researchers noticed that, once the potential of the cathode goes beyond certain threshold, e.g., > 4.0 V vs. Li 0, an independent phase would also exist with similar functions to SEI.

What is an example of a lithium-metal primary battery?

For example, the lithium-metal primary batteries (Li/SOCl 2, LiMnO 2 or Li/CF x) commercialized in 1960s were already based on interphases on lithium-metal surface formed by either inorganic electrolytes such as thionyl chloride (SOCl 2) or organic electrolytes such as ethers, where LiCl or Li 2 O serves as the interphasial ingredients.

Why is interface important?

Interface is where electrode and electrolyte meet. Its importance for an electrochemical device cannot be over-emphasized. Since all electrochemical reactions are based on coupled oxidations and reductions, electron exchange must occur among the reactants, and interface provides the only legitimate location for such electron exchange.